夏洛莱肉牛的历史
在夏洛来肉牛起源于中西部到法国南部,在沙罗勒及周边涅夫勒市岁的法国省份。 The exact origins of the Charolais are not known but it must have
been developed from cattle found in the area.对夏洛来的确切起源尚不清楚,
但它一定是从在该地区发现牛的发展。 Legend has it that white cattle were first noticed in the region as
early as 878 AD, and by the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were popular
in French markets, especially at Lyon and Villefranche.传说白牛首次在该地区
发现早在公元878,和16和17世纪盛行于法国市场,尤其是在里昂和维尔弗朗什。 Selection developed a white breed of cattle which, like other cattle of
continental Europe, were used for draft, milk and meat.选择形成了牛,象欧洲
大陆的其他牛只,分别为草案中,白色的牛奶和肉类品种。
The cattle were generally confined to the area in which they originated
until the French Revolution.牛一般只限于在该地区,直到它们起源于法国大革命。 But, in 1773, Claude Mathieu, a farmer and cattle producers from the
Charolles region, moved to the Nievre province, taking his herd of white
cattle with him.但是,在1773年,克劳德马蒂厄,农民从沙罗勒地区牲畜生产者
转移到涅夫勒市省,带着他的白色的东峰。 The breed flourished there, so much so that the improved cattle were
known more widely as Nivemais cattle for a time than by their original
name of Charolais.繁荣和当地的品种,以至于改进牛被称为Nivemais牛更广泛的,
而不是其原始名称的夏洛来的时间。
One of the early influential herds in the region was started in 1840
by the Count Charles de Bouille.在该地区的影响力群之一年初开始于1840年由
Count戴高乐博伊列。 His selective breeding led him to set up a herd book in
1864 for
the breed at Villars near the village of Magny-Cours.他的选择性繁殖导致他设立
一个在维拉尔马尼库尔附近的村在1864年赛道品种群书。 Breeders in the Charolles vicinity established a herd book in 1882.在沙
罗勒附近饲养员在1882年建立了一个群书。 Photo courtesy of McLachlan Group,The two societies merged in 1919, with
the older organisation holding the records of the later group into their
headquarters at Nevers, the capital of the Nievre province.这两个协会在1919年
合并,较旧的组织将其总部举行的纳韦尔较后组的记录,该涅夫勒市省的省会。
The French have long selected their cattle for size and muscling.法国早已
选定的尺寸和他们的牛肌肉生长。 They selected for bone and power to a greater extent than was true in
the British Isles.他们选择对骨骼和权力在更大程度上比在英伦三岛如此。 The French breeders stressed rapid growth in addition to cattle that
would ultimately reach a large size.法国育种强调,除了牛,而最终达到大型规模
的迅速增长。 These were men that wanted cattle that not only grew out well but
could
be depended upon for draft power.这些都是男性,要牛,不仅成长起来的好,但可以依靠
的力量草案时。 Little attention was paid to refinement, but great stress was laid on utility.
小注重改进,但大的压力是在实用基础。
It was only after the second world war that Charolais made its appearance in other
parts of the world.只是在第二次世界战争,夏洛来取得它在世界其他地方出现。 At first small exports, such as four bulls and six females to Brazil in 1950;
five bulls and eleven females to Argentina in 1955; one bull and three cows to
South Africa in 1955 followed by three bulls and 15 females in 1956, took place.
起初,小出口,例如4公牛和六女,1950年巴西; 5公牛和11女性在1955年的阿根廷,一个牛
市和1955年三头母牛在南非三个公牛和1956年女15例,其次发生。 This small trickle developed into a big stream.这个小滴流成一个大发展。 In 1964 for instance 259 bulls and 1,605 cows were exported from France and
this trend is still increasing.例如在1964年和259多头牛出口1605来自法国,这一趋势
还在不断增加。 Characteristics特征
Photo courtesy of Rumsden Farm, The typical Charolais is white in colour with a pink muzzle and pale hooves, horned,
long bodied, and good milkers with a general coarseness to the animal not being
uncommon.典型的夏洛来都是白色的粉红色的钳制,苍白蹄角,长身体,良好的一般粗糙的动物milkers不罕见。 There are now Charolais cattle being bred black and red in colour.
现在有夏洛来肉牛正孕育黑色和红色。
Charolais are medium to large framed beef cattle with a very deep and broad body.
夏洛来肉牛的大中型框架十分深刻而广泛的机构肉牛。 They have a short, broad head and heavily muscled loins and haunches.他们有短,
宽头和腰部肌肉严重和臀部。 Charolais have demonstrated growth ability, efficient feedlot gains and in
carcass cut-out values.夏洛来肉牛表明发展能力,收益和高效率的饲养场进行价值观胴体切割。 With excellent meat conformation, especially of the valuable parts and relative
late maturity they are well suited to fattening for high finished weight.凭着优良的
肉形态,尤其是贵重部件和较晚成熟,他们非常适合高成品重量育肥。 They are well suited to all purpose cross breeding.它们非常适合于所有的目的,
杂交育种。 |